stutthof concentration camp guards stutthof concentration camp guards

In September 1942, Bothe became the SS Aufseherin camp guard at the Nazi German Ravensbrck concentration camp for women. The Best Medical History Books Everyone Should Rea, The Lovers of Valdaro A Double Burial From Neolithic Italy. His testimony is part of a court case against a 93-year-old former guard. [3], A range of German organisations and individuals used Stutthof prisoners as forced laborers. In 1944, as forced labor by concentration camp prisoners became increasingly important in armaments production, a Focke-Wulf aircraft factory was constructed at Stutthof. Irmgard Furchner, a stenographer and typist for the SS commander of the Stutthof concentration camp in modern-day Poland, was accused of being a key member of a death camp that murdered. I PROMISE. Further in the background is the guard SS-Oberscharfhrer Johann Pauls and several Polish kapos. The girl was later declared dead by camp doctors. Braunstein was sentenced to three years in jail by a British court in 1958 and emigrated to the US, where she married a construction worker. He was executed November 8 in Wloclawek[7][8]. On this date in 1946, officials of Soviet-occupied Poland publicly hanged eleven convicted war criminals of the Stutthof concentration camp. She called. Among the 55,000 guards at the concentration camps, 10,000 were women and they were trained to be every bit as vicious as their male counterparts. The evacuation of prisoners from the Stutthof camp system in northern Poland began in January 1945. Jenny-Wanda Barkmann was born in Hamburg in 1921. The Stutthof concentration camp in Poland. The area was secluded: to the north was the Bay of Danzig, to the east the Vistula Bay, and to the west the Vistula River. The first female guards arrived in the camps starting in 1942 at Auschwitz and Majdanek from Ravensbruck. Camp's Commandant Johann Pauls - death by hanging 2. Marching in severe winter conditions and treated brutally by SS guards, thousands died during the march. Medycyna na usugach systemu eksterminacji ludnoci w Trzeciej Rzeszy i na terenach okupowanej Polski. If convicted, he faces a possible six months to 10 years in prison. Frankly, a nice sight. These were Johann Pauls, SS-Aufseherins Jenny Wanda Barkmann, Elisabeth Becker, Wanda Klaff, Ewa Paradies, Gerda Steinhoff. On a huge hill in Gdansk, the condemned guards including Jenny-Wanda Barkmann were executed on a huge gallows and it was said that around 200,000 people witnessed the executions of the former concentration camp guards.Join us today as we look at, 'The JUSTIFIED Executions Of The Guards Of Stutthof Concentration Camp.' In November 1941, it became a "labor education" camp (like Dachau), administered by the German Security Police. She kicked me so hard that I fell. The people who did this and all adults who watched it (I notice there are even very young children watching, says a lot about the sort of people perpetrating these disgusting CRIMES) should be tried and punished. Thousands of SS guards were granted transfers from camps to field service, said Stefan Hrdler, yet Dey had remained at Stutthof until April 1945. The remainder were sentenced to various terms of imprisonment. 1939: 250 Polish citizens and P.O.W. Finally, in January 1942, Stutthof became a regular concentration camp. DW sends out a daily selection of hard news and quality feature journalism. She earned a horrific legacy and nickname despite only working for a year. At her 1945 trial, survivor Dora Silverberg testified that Juana knocked her teeth out when she reported that her friend was very sick and couldnt walk to the working site because she was so weak. Contents Tour to stutthof concentration camp Camp Staff Prisoners Conditions [17][3] Prisoners were also drowned in mud or clubbed to death. [1][2] The actual barracks were built the following year by prisoners. Thanks, Max the link is fixed in the entry now as well. When the guilty verdict came in, she declared, Life is indeed a pleasure, and pleasures are usually short.. What science tells us about the afterlife. Twelve were sentenced to death, including the commander of the guards Johann Pauls, while the remainder were sentenced to various terms of imprisonment. Other witnesses said she beat women to death with wooden sticks and shot at women who were too slow when carrying heavy containers of food. It was also the last camp liberated by the Allies, on 9 May 1945. [7], In 1942 the first German female SS Aufseherinnen guards arrived at Stutthof along with female prisoners. They were cut off by advancing Soviet forces. [1] Another method of execution practiced in Stutthof was lethal injection of phenol. She died in 1989. It was not until 2017 that he returned to Stutthof as part of a visit by the Prince and Princess of Wales and discovered to his surprise that the camp's gas chambers were still intact. All were found guilty and eleven were sentenced to death, including the Commandant Johann Pauls. This days condemned camp commandant Johann Pauls, five male kapos, and five female guards were the product of the first of four Stutthof trials held in 1946-1947. [3] The inmate population rose to 6,000 in the following two weeks, on 15 September 1939. It was surrounded by electrified barbed-wire fences. It was approximately 36 km east of the city of Gdansk, where the Visla river flows into the Baltic Sea. The man had . Two weeks later, on September 15th 1939 . It was also the final camp liberated by the Allies in May 1945. [7], Soviet forces liberated Stutthof on 9 May 1945, rescuing about 100 prisoners who had managed to hide.[7]. This week, a 95-year-old woman was arrested in Germany and charged with complicity in the murders of 10,000 people - the first such case in recent years. In June 2022, a 101-year-old former guard at the Sachsenhausen concentration camp (north of Berlin) was sentenced to five years in prison. All opinions and comments and dialogue should discuss the video above in a historical manner.TheUntoldPast does not accept any racism, profanity, insults, sexism or any negative discussion aimed at an individual. Thousands were taken to the Baltic Sea where they were executed, and many more were killed by the brutal SS guards and officers. Poland held four trials in Gdask against former guards and kapos of Stutthof, charging them with crimes of war and crimes against humanity. Read about our approach to external linking. In September 1939, the Germans established the Stutthof camp in a wooded area west of Stutthof (Sztutowo), a town about 22 miles east of Danzig (Gdansk). National Socialism is destruction , terror, repression, waste, and death. Though there is no evidence linking him to a specific killing, prosecutors argue that as a guard he helped the camp function and "supported the insidious and cruel killing of mainly Jewish prisoners.". Contribute to chinapedia/wikipedia.en development by creating an account on GitHub. While I was standing, she kicked me in my back, causing me to fall. Prosecutors say he was a "cog" in Nazi Germany's "murderous machinery." Manfred Goldberg was 13 when he was sent to Stutthof concentration camp near the coast of the Baltic Sea in August 1943. One prominent inmate and survivor of the Stutthof concentration camp was member of parliament for the Communist Party of Denmark Martin Nielsen, who detailed his deportation to, experience in and ensuing death march from the camp in his book Rapport fra Stutthof ('Report from Stutthof'). It has been estimated that over 25,000 prisoners, one in two, died during the evacuation from Stutthof and its subcamps. Eventually, the Stutthof camp system became a vast network of forced-labor camps; 105 Stutthof subcamps were established throughout northern and central German-occupied Poland. [13], In October 2019, Bruno Dey from Hamburg was accused of contributing to the killings of 5,230 prisoners at Stutthof camp between 1944 and 1945. More than 85,000 victims died in the camp out of as many as 110,000 inmates deported there. The sub-camps of Stutthof included:[30][31][32], The evacuation of prisoners from the Stutthof camp system began on 25 January 1945. Those whom the SS guards judged too weak or sick to work were gassed in the camp's small gas chamber. Go and do the same, you BNP piece of sh-t. You are fucking FILTH! I met her in the field and did not manage to get out of her way in time. Your email address will not be published. There was no evidence to link him to specific killings, and though he admitted to serving at the camp, he said that he was unaware that people were being murdered there. In 1944 she became a guard at the Stutthof Concentration camp. In mid-1950s, a number of Nazi concentration camp commandants were sentenced to jail for supervising the murder of Jewish prisoners in gas chambers between 19421944, including Otto Knott[pl], Otto Haupt[pl] and Bernard Ldtke[pl]. She was sentenced to death, alongside Bormann and Grese, after being found guilty of crimes against humanity. Conditions in the camp were brutal and prisoners were used as forced laborers. Barkmann, Paradies, Becker, Klaff, Steinhoff (left to right) executed Jenny-Wanda Barkmann (c.1922 - July 4, 1946) was a Nazi concentration camp guard. The 92-year-old Israeli citizentraveled to Germany to give evidence in the trial of Bruno D., a former SS private accused of 5,230 counts of being an accessory to murderat Stutthof from 1944 to 1945. [33][34] He was charged as a juvenile, as he was under 21 at the time of the offense. She showed no hesitation in beating her victims to death and displayed no remorse when selecting women and children for the gas chambers. In total, 21 women who worked in the concentration camps faced the gallows. [10], In November 2018, Johann Rehbogen from Borken was tried in court for serving at Stutthof camp from June 1942 to September 1944. [33] In February 2019 the trial of a defendant matching this description (whom Reuters reported could not be named for legal reasons) was halted after a medical report was issued stating that the defendant was unfit to stand trial, the trial already having been suspended since the previous December. [2], Nine SS men and the Kapo Nikolaysen were executed on October 28, 1948:[4], The third trial was held from November 5, 1947, to November 10, 1947, before a Polish Special Criminal Court. (In Czech) In September 1939, the Nazis created the concentration camp of Stutthof (Sztutowo) in a wooded area near the Baltic port of Gdansk. Shortly before the German surrender, some prisoners were transferred to Malm, Sweden, and released into the care of that neutral country. 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Found guilty of war crimes and sentenced to death. Apprehended after the war, she was sentenced and publicly hanged in Gdansk. UN negotiating final terms of High Seas Treaty, Tunisia labor union protests President Saied. Barkmann was sentenced to hang, along with ten other defendants. Subscribe to this by clicking this link:https://www.youtube.com/c/TheFortresssThanks for watching! Former farmworker Irma Grese had wanted to become a nurse but, at 17, the labour exchange sent her to work at Ravensbrck concentration camp - which held 132,000 women throughout the war. [3], The camp was established in connection with the ethnic cleansing project that included the liquidation of Polish elites (members of the intelligentsia, religious and political leaders) in the Danzig area and Western Prussia.[1]. From left to right: Jenny-Wanda Barkmann, Ewa Paradies, Elisabeth Becker, Wanda Klaff, and Gerda Steinhoff. Overseeing working parties that left the camp ln slave labour, she would attack women who became too sick or weak. She died in 2000. Former Stutthof SS guard Bruno Dey, now 93, is standing trial in Germany, charged as an accessory to the murder of 5,230 Jews from 1944 to 1945. . SS-Sturmbannfhrer Max Pauly was put on trial by a British military court in Germany but not for the crimes committed at Stutthof; only as the commandant of the Neuengamme concentration camp in Hamburg. (17.10.2019). Arrested with Josef Kramer - the Beast of Belsen - Grese was sentenced to death by the British Military Court and, in December 1945, she was hanged. Inside of the barbed wire fences, horror and brutality was administered by the SS. An additional trial was attempted in November 2018, when Johann Rehbogen was accused of being an accessory to murder. [1], The original camp (known as the old camp) was surrounded by the barbed-wire fence. . Many prisoners worked in SS-owned businesses such as DAW (Deutsche Ausrstungswerke, literally the 'German Equipment Works'), the heavily guarded armaments factory located inside the camp next to prisoner barracks. Many drowned along the way. [2], The first Polish war crimes tribunal was convened at Gdask, Poland, from April 25, 1946 to May 31, 1946. Ilse also had a deadly fascination for tattoos and, at a later trial for war crimes, witnesses said she selected men with the best body art for slaughter - turning their skin into lampshades and book covers. Often low paid workers who took the roles to earn more cash, they were trained at the all-women Ravensbruck camp, in Northern Germany, where they became hardened to the cruel torture of inmates and learned to administer punishments with boots, truncheons, whips and riding crops. Historydefined.net is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com, Copyright 2023 History Defined | Powered by Astra WordPress Theme. "You did not seek a way out," the judge said. Row of Barracks at Stutthof Thirty-four female guards including Becker, Bothe, Steinhoff, Paradies, and Barkmann were identified later as having committed crimes against humanity. Bruno Dey, a teenager at the time in question, was convicted of 5,232 counts of accessory to murder. [1] When the Soviet army began its advance through German-occupied Estonia in July and August 1944, the camp staff of Klooga concentration camp evacuated the majority of the inmates by sea and sent them to Stutthof. 'Gorilla Glue Girl' Tessica Brown is offered a wig by Beyonce's stylist after hair disaster gets EVEN worse. The camp was situated along the Danzig-Elbing highway on the way to the popular Baltic Sea resort town of Krynica Morska. The first trial of Stutthof criminals took place in 1946 in Gdansk, with Barkmann standing trial alongside 13 other defendants: During the trial, Barkmann flirted with guards, obsessed over her hair, and inappropriately giggled at times. [2][5], The last two trials in Poland concerning two Stutthof concentration camp officials took place four years apart. But as the war turned against the Germans, the camp was evacuated and thousands of prisoners were sent on a death march. About 5,000 prisoners from Stutthof subcamps were marched to the Baltic Sea coast, forced into the water, and machine gunned. [3] Most of the infrastructure of the concentration camp was either destroyed or dismantled shortly after the war. Standing at 6ft 3in, Hertha Botte was an imposing figure, who also stood out from other SS guards because she wore civilian clothing instead of the hated uniform. It was in 1943 that Stutthof's population of detainees was dramatically enlarged, from a capacity of 4,000 to 25,000. In recent years, prosecutors have successfully convicted former death camp guards using the argument that by helping to operate camps like Auschwitz and Sobibor, they were accessories to the. [2], During the first trial held at Gdask from April 25, 1946, to May 31, 1946, the joint Soviet/Polish Special Criminal Court tried and convicted of crimes against humanity a group of thirteen ex-officials and overseers of the Stutthof concentration camp in Sztutowo and its Bromberg-Ost subcamp for women located in the city of Bydgoszcz. The Stutthof trials were a series of war crime tribunals held in postwar Poland for the prosecution of Stutthof concentration camp staff and officials, responsible for the murder of up to 85,000 prisoners during the occupation of Poland by Nazi Germany in World War II. Images in the news broadcasts concealed his face for legal reasons. Another former Nazi camp guard, who is 101-years-old, was sentenced to five years in prison for being an accessory to murder in 3,500 cases at the . Inside the Third Reichs concentration camps were scores of evil guards capable of committing horrible and sadistic acts. She committed suicide in 1967. Theres more about Stutthofs history at the Holocaust Research Project, and at the current memorial facilitys home page. Many were former waitresses, cooks, and hairdressers who job postings in the newspaper. In 1943, the camp was enlarged and a new camp was constructed alongside the earlier one. In 1943, the Nazis began drafting women because of the shortage of guards. Its unknown why she would voluntarily seek work at a concentration camp so late in the war, but it was likely due to some misplaced sense of nationalism. During the Second World War, there were a huge network of concentration camps established by the Third Reich. Read about our approach to external linking. [citation needed] Until 1942, nearly all of the prisoners were Polish. Koryski told the court it "was no secret" that people were being killed in the camp's gas chamberbefore being burned, because of the smell that spread through the barracks. [11] In December 2018, the trial was suspended, since the convict had to be hospitalized for serious heart and kidney problems. She was also notorious for beating inmates unconscious, often with a rubber truncheon, and she once pushed an old lady down a flight of stairs, killing her instantly. More than 6,000 camp guards and personnel were trained there before being sent out to work at other camps. [5] It is estimated that between 63,000 and 65,000 prisoners of Stutthof concentration camp and its subcamps died as a result of murder, starvation, epidemics, extreme labour conditions, brutal and forced evacuations, and a lack of medical attention. . Even before the war began, the German Selbstschutz in Pomerania created lists of people to be arrested,[3] and the Nazi authorities were secretly reviewing suitable places to set up concentration camps in their area. There she became known as the "Sadist of Stutthof" due to her brutal beatings of prisoners. [33] Being tried at the age of 94, court proceedings were limited to no more than two hours per day and two non-consecutive days per week. 100 Raoul Wallenberg Place, SW She also personally hanged young female prisoners and beat two women to death with a leather whip. Arraigned 24 ex-officials and guards of the Stutthof concentration camp were judged and found guilty. Babysitter 'with black heart' filmed herself sexually abusing toddler before sending video to her paedophile lover, Piers Morgan slams 'disgusting' 500 parking charges for NHS staff as Grant Shapps admits 'something's gone wrong'. Rising to the rank of supervisor at 19, she also worked at Auschwitz and Belsen, where she was arrested by British forces in 1945. [19][20][21], Historian Joachim Neander argued that, contrary to some claims made in the previous years, what the Institute of National Remembrance (IPN) calls the "chemical substance which was essentially soap"[22] was the byproduct of Spanner's bone maceration processes done to create anatomical models at the Danzig Anatomical Institute, where he worked and which was not part of the Stutthof camp. Bruno Dey, a 93-year-old former SS guard at the Stutthof concentration camp near what is now . About 3,700 out of the 55,000 guards in the camps were women. per adult (price varies by group size) Private transportation to the Stutthof Concentration Camp 4 hour. At a hill in Gdansk known as Biskupia Gorka (Bishop Hill), upon a specially-erected row of four T-shaped double gallows centered around a pi-shaped triple gallows, and before a crowd of thousands, the doomed eleven were noosed on the back of military trucks which then drove away to leave them strangling to death with a short drop hanging. A former SS guard at a concentration camp, charged with aiding and abetting hundreds of murders, is standing trial in Mnster's district court. Here we look at the horrendous role these guards - known as Aufseherins, or female overseers - played during the War. Eventually, the Stutthof camp system became a network of forced-labor camps. After beginning her career at the all-female camp, Lichtenberg, the dedicated Nazi used brutality and cruelty to work to her way up to the highest female rank possible, Oberaufseherin, or chief guard. Initially, in Auschwitz, the camp numbers were sewn on the clothes; with the increased death rate, it became difficult to identify corpses, since clothes were removed from corpses.Therefore, the medical personnel started to write the numbers . Photo by Polish authorities (4 July 1946). Landmark trial Bruno D. came to the. The second commandant SS-Sturmbannfhrer Paul-Werner Hoppe (August 1942 - January 1945) was apprehended in 1953 in West Germany and later sentenced to nine years imprisonment. The prosecution accuses her of participating in the murder of inmates in the Stutthof concentration camp in present-day Poland, where she worked as a typist and secretary to the camp commander . After evading capture for a few months, she was recognized and arrested in May 1945. Camp doctors also killed sick or injured prisoners in the infirmary with lethal injections. [7], On 5 May 1945, a barge full of starving prisoners was towed into harbour at Klintholm Havn in Denmark where 351 of the 370 on board were saved. [3] The first executions were carried out on 11 January and 22 March 1940 89 Polish activists and government officials were shot. Not all the female guards were monsters - with many sharing food and clothing with inmates at considerable risk to themselves. She also personally selected women and children for the gas chambers, on one occasion, in 1944, sending 3,000 to their death. Set up immediately upon Germanys September 1, 1939 invasion of Poland and not liberated until after official German capitulation in 1945, Stutthoff handled over 100,000 prisoners during its long service. Stutthof concentration camps women forced labor death marches. It was liberated by the British army on April 15th, 1945. Countless prisoners who were left too weak to work were simply murdered. In July, Bruno Dey, a 93-year-old former SS guard at Stutthof was convicted of aiding in the murder of 5,230 people, most of them Jews. It comprised eight barracks for the inmates and a "Kommandantur" for the SS guards, totaling 120,000 square metres (1,300,000sqft). Those whom the SS guards judged too weak or sick to work were gassed. Getting to Stutthof. After the war a number of war crimes trials took place called the Stutthof Trials, and following these there were a number of executions.